// struct name{
//    actor list;
//};
struct Student{
    string name;
    int age;
    int score;          // combine many data types
};

// Three methods to initialize a struct
// 1st method
struct Student s1;  // or Student s1, i.e omit data type struct is ok
s1.name = "Tom";
s1.age = 18;
ss1.score = 95;

// 2nd method
struct Student s2 = {"Jerry", 28, 75};

// 3rd method
// add struct variable name after definition

struct Student {
    string name;
    int age;
    int score;
};

int main(){
    struct Student stuArray[3] = {
        { "Tome", 18, 76},
        { "Jerry", 22, 88},
        { "Hod", 23, 92}};
    
    stuArray[2].name = "Tim";
    stuArray[2].age = 60;
    
    for ( int i=0; i<3; i++){
        cout << stuArray[i].name << stuArray[i].age << stuArray[i].score << endl;
    }
    
    return 0;
}

struct Student {
    string name;
    int age;
    int score;
};

int main(){
    struct Student s = {"Tom", 25, 100};
    struct Student *p = &s;         // pointer to struct must be struct type, not int *p;
    student *p = &s;                // here we can alse omit struct, same as last line;
    
    cout << p->name << p->age << p->score << endl;      // use -> to get struct actor value
    
    return 0;
}

struct Student {
    string name;
    int age;
    int score;
};

struct Teacher {
    int id;
    string name;
    int age;
    struct Student stu;
};

int main(){
    Teacher t;
    t.id = 100;
    t.name = "Tim";
    t.age = 50;
    t.stu.name = "Tom";
    t.stu.age = 16;
    t.stu.socre = 60;
    
    return 0;
}

struct Student {
    string name;
    int age;
    int score;
};

// value pass
void printStudent1(struct Student s){
    s.age = 100;
    cout << s.name << s.age << endl;
};

// address pass
void printStudent2(struct Student *p){
    p->age = 200;
    cout << p->name << p->age << endl;
};

int main(){
    Student s = {"Tom", 23, 85};
    printStudent1(s);
    printStudent2(&s);      // not a pointer, just an address, but similarly, after all pointer "is" address
    cout << s.age <<endl;   // change of parameter in value pass doesn't change the argument value
                            // change of parameter in address pass change the argument value
    
    return 0;
}

struct Student {
    string name;
    int age;
    int score;
};

// value pass
void printStudent1(const struct Student *s){
    //s->age = 150;       // it's forbidden due to const
    cout << s->name << s->age << endl;
};

int main(){
    Student s = {"Tom", 23, 85};
    printStudent1(&s);      // address pass saves much storage than value pass
    
    return 0;
}

# include <iostream>
using namespace std;
# include <string>
# include <ctime>

struct Student {
    string name;
    int score;
};

struct Teacher {
    string name;
    struct Student stuArray[5];
};

void allocateSpace(struct Teacher tArray[], int len){
    string nameSeed = "ABCDE";
    for (int i=0; i<len; i++){
        tArray[i].name = "Teacher_";
        tArray[i].name += nameSeed[i];      // += in string
        
        for (int j=0; j<5; j++){
            tArray[i].stuArray[j].name = "Student_"; 
            tArray[i].stuArray[j].name += nameSeed[j]; 
            
            int random = rand()%61 + 40;        // generate 40~100 random number
            tArray[i].stuArray[j].score = random; 
        }
    }
}

void printInfo(struct Teacher tArray[], int len){
    for (int i=0; i<len; i++){
        cout << tArray[i].name << endl;
        for (int j=0; j<5; j++){
            cout << "\t" << tArray[i].stuArray[j].name << tArray[i].stuArray[j].score << endl;  // "\t" is for tab
        }
    }
}

int main(){
    srand((unsigned int)time (NULL));

    struct Teacher tArray[3];
    int len = sizeof(tArray)/sizeof(tArray[0]);
    allocateSpace(tArray, len);     
    printInfo(tArray, len);
    
    return 0;
}

// to generate 40~ 100 random number
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>

int main() {
    // Set the seed for the random number generator
    std::srand(std::time(nullptr)); 
    // the seed value is set to the current time using std::time(nullptr) to ensure                          
    // that each run of the program generates a different sequence of pseudo-random numbers.
    
    // Generate a random number between 40 and 100, inclusive
    int num = std::rand() % 61 + 40;
    
    // Generate and print out the random integers
    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
        std::cout << std::rand() << " ";
    }
    
    return 0;
}

# include <iostream>
using namespace std;
# include <string>
# include <ctime>

struct Hero {
    string name;
    int age;
    string sex;
};

void allocateSpace(struct Hero tArray[], int len){
    string nameSeed[] = {"liubei", "guanyu", "zhangfei", "zhaoyun", "diaochan"};
    int ageSeed[] = {23,22,20,21,19};
    string sexSeed[] = {"male", "male", "male", "male", "female"};
    for (int i=0; i<len; i++){
        tArray[i].name = nameSeed[i]; 
        tArray[i].age = ageSeed[i];
        tArray[i].sex = sexSeed[i];
    }
};

void printInfo(struct Hero tArray[], int len){
    for (int i=0; i<len; i++){
        cout << tArray[i].name << tArray[i].age << tArray[i].sex << endl;
    }
};

void BubbleSort(struct Hero tArray[], int len){
    for (int i=0; i<len; i++){
        for (int j=0; j<i-len-1; j++){
            if (tArray[j].age > tArray[j].age){
                struct Hero temp = tArray[j];
                tArray[j] = tArray[j+1];
                tArray[j] = temp;
            }
        }
    }
};

int main(){
    struct Hero tArray[5];
    int len = sizeof(tArray)/sizeof(tArray[0]);
    allocateSpace(tArray, len);
    BubbleSort(tArray, len);
    printInfo(tArray, len);
    
    return 0;
}